Don’t Ignore High BP – Your Kidneys Are At Risk

(By Dr Suresh Sankar)

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is rightfully called the “silent killer” because it shows no symptoms, but leads to life-threatening conditions such as heart disease, stroke and kidney damage. The link between Bp and kidney health begs for basic awareness especially since High blood pressure is the second leading cause of kidney failure globally, after diabetes.  It is double edge sword with a mutually reinforcing relationship between high blood pressure and kidney disease — either one not only can lead to the other, but also can make it worse.

The Hidden Link: How Hypertension Harms The Kidneys

The kidney and circulatory system are related. Every individual has two bean-shaped kidneys, which play a crucial role in filtering waste and extra fluids out of the blood and in controlling the blood pressure in the body. Sustained and uncontrolled blood pressure causes thickening and weakening of vessel walls resulting in narrowing of the lumen and also injures the kidney filters. These changes results in decreased blood flow and oxygen supply to the kidneys. The slow, silent, and steady injury over years remains asymptomatic until an advantage stage when complications such as improper fluid balance, electrolytes and anemia develop and leads to life threatening organ complications. You may be at a higher risk if you come from a family of hypertensives, or if you are a smoker, overweight

Reverse Correlation: A Two-Way Menace

The connection between hypertension and kidney disease is mutually perpetuating. High blood pressure can lead to kidney damage and decreased kidney function can also worsens hypertension. Hence, we need a twin strategy in tackling this unique clinical challenge. In fact, research there suggest that more than 85% of those with CKD also have HTN

Why Many Patients Miss The Warning Signs:

The greatest challenge of hypertensive damage to the kidneys is that it is completely asymptomatic. Hence patients may not get screened for blood pressure, seek medical therapy or adopt healthy lifestyle. In general, the changing lifestyle with higher processed foods, sedentary lifestyle, work stress and improper sleep pattern are propelling a global epidemic of hypertension. 

Protecting Your Kidneys: Practical Steps

While chronic kidney disease cannot be reversed, its progression can be slowed and at times prevented by the following interventions

  • Tight blood pressure control to below 130/80
  • Screening, early detection for kidney disease
  • Seek medical care
  • Start drug therapy: right dose, frequency.
  • Compliance 
  • Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy, and lean proteins. Limit salt, processed foods, and added sugar
  • Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity most days of the week, but consult your doctor before starting new routines
  • Regular checks help catch problems early and guide treatment decisions
  • Discuss any over-the-counter medications with your doctor, as some can harm the kidneys or interfere with blood pressure control

Dr Suresh Sankar is Nephrologist, Senior Vice President, and Global Clinical Affairs of NephroPlus

[Disclaimer: The information provided in the article, including treatment suggestions shared by doctors, is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.]

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