Decoding Active Ingredients Niacinamide, Hyaluronic Acid, Retinol, And How They Work

(By Dr. Aashna Kanchwala)

Navigating skincare can be overwhelming — especially with active ingredients like niacinamide, hyaluronic acid, and retinol flooding product labels. But understanding what they do and how they work can help you build an effective skincare routine tailored to your skin’s needs.

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Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)

Niacinamide is a gentle yet powerful multitasker. It helps regulate oil production, minimises pores, and strengthens the skin barrier. Ideal for acne-prone or sensitive skin, niacinamide also helps reduce redness, dullness, and fine lines over time. It's best used in the morning or evening, layered under moisturisers or mixed with serums.

Hyaluronic Acid (HA)

Despite the word “acid,” hyaluronic acid is extremely hydrating and non-irritating. It works by pulling moisture into the skin and locking it in, giving your skin a plump, dewy appearance. Naturally found in our skin, its levels drop with age — so using an HA serum helps restore lost hydration. Apply it on slightly damp skin and follow up with a moisturizer to seal the moisture in.

Retinol (Vitamin A derivative)

Retinol is one of the most researched and effective ingredients for anti-aging. It speeds up cell turnover, fades pigmentation, smooths fine lines, and prevents breakouts. However, it can be drying or irritating, especially for beginners. Start with a low concentration, apply only at night, and always follow up with sunscreen the next day.

Dr. Aashna Kanchwala is Celebrity Cosmetologist & Aesthetic Physician

[Disclaimer: The information provided in the article, including treatment suggestions shared by doctors, is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.]

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