World Asthma Day 2025: Five common asthma myths busted!

Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases worldwide, affecting over 34.3 million people in India. This translates into 13 per cent of the global asthma burden. According to some estimates, one in 10 children in India have asthma. Despite being a common condition, asthma is often misunderstood and shrouded by stigma and misinformation.

What is asthma?

Asthma is a chronic condition that causes the small airways in the lungs to narrow due to inflammation, producing wheezing, coughing, difficulty in breathing, and chest tightness. When under-diagnosed and under-treated it significantly impacts the quality of life.

Dr Indu Khosla, a paediatrician busts some common asthma myths.

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Myth 1: Asthma only affects children

Fact: Asthma often begins in childhood but can develop at any age. When it develops in adults it is called adult-onset asthma. Common triggers are occupational exposure to dust, chemicals, or infections that affect the lungs. Although some children may outgrow their symptoms, many continue to live with asthma into adulthood. Uncontrolled asthma at any stage of life can lead to long-term lung damage. With the right treatment, symptoms can be effectively controlled at any age.

Myth 2: Asthma can be cured

Fact: Asthma is a chronic (long-term/lifelong) disease, which means it can’t be cured but it can be managed effectively. Inhaled medications and other maintenance inhalers help control symptoms, reduce inflammation, and lower the risk of sudden attacks. Optimal asthma management allows one to lead a full and active lifestyle.

Myth 3: Asthma isn’t a serious disease

Fact: Asthma may seem manageable to some, but without proper care, it can be life-threatening. Flare-ups or asthma attacks can block airflow and lead to emergencies that might even require hospitalisation. Consult a doctor and follow a treatment plan that includes medication, inhalation therapy, and lifestyle adjustments. Asthma should never be taken lightly.

Myth 4: No wheezing means no asthma

Fact: While wheezing is a common asthma symptom, not everyone experiences it. Its absence thus does not rule out the disease. In severe cases, the airways may be so restricted that wheezing isn’t audible at all. Diagnosis should always be based on clinical tests. Never rely on just symptoms.

Myth 5: Asthma is a mental or emotional issue

Fact: It’s not just in your head. Asthma affects the lungs by causing the breathing passages to swell and shrink, which can make it tough to breathe normally. While emotional stress can worsen symptoms, asthma itself is not psychological. Triggers include allergens, smoke, infections, weather changes, and even exercise. That said, managing stress is an important part of keeping asthma in check. 

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